Magazine References

Jul – Aug 2026

Back to Magazine References

Pg 6 -7 Peak height velocity and maturation in youth athletes

References
  1. Mills, K., Baker, D., Pacey, V., Wollin, M. & Drew, M.K. (2017) ‘What is the most accurate and reliable methodological approach for predicting peak height velocity in adolescents? A systematic review’, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 20(6), pp. 572–577.
  2. Rogol, A.D., Clark, P.A. & Roemmich, J.N. (2000) ‘Growth and pubertal development in children and adolescents: effects of diet and physical activity’, The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 72(2), pp. 521S–528S.
  3. Beunen, G.A. & Malina, R.M. (1988) ‘Growth and physical performance relative to the timing of the adolescent spurt’, Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 16(1), pp. 503–540.
  4. London Bridge Sports Medicine Group (2022) Peak height velocity guide for parents and children. Available at: https://lbsm.co.uk/peak-height-velocity-guide-for-parents-and-children/ (Accessed: 19th May 2026).
  5. Neinstein, L.S. (ed.) (2008) Adolescent health care: a practical guide. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
  6. Hannaman, A. (2003) ‘Adolescent health care: A practical guide’, Pediatric Emergency Care, 19(2), pp. 131–132.
  7. Malina, R.M., Reyes, M.E., Figueiredo, A.J., e Silva, M.J., Horta, L., Miller, R., Chamorro, M., Serratosa, L. & Morate, F. (2010) ‘Skeletal age in youth soccer players: implication for age verification’, Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 20(6), pp. 469–474.
  8. Myer, G.D., Faigenbaum, A.D., Ford, K.R., Best, T.M., Bergeron, M.F. & Hewett, T.E. (2011) ‘When to initiate integrative neuromuscular training to reduce sports-related injuries and enhance health in youth?’, Current Sports Medicine Reports, 10(3), pp. 155–166.
  9. Coelho-e Silva, M.J., Figueiredo, A.J. & Moreira Carvalho, H. & Malina, R.M. (2008) ‘Functional capacities and sport‐specific skills of 14‐ to 15‐year‐old male basketball players: Size and maturity effects’, European Journal of Sport Science, 8(5), pp. 277–285.
  10. Lloyd, R.S. & Oliver, J.L. (2012) ‘The youth physical development model: A new approach to long-term athletic development’, Strength & Conditioning Journal, 34(3), pp. 61–72.
  11. Ford, K.R., Myer, G.D. & Hewett, T.E. (2010) ‘Longitudinal effects of maturation on lower extremity joint stiffness in adolescent athletes’, The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(9), pp. 1829–1837.
  12. Rumpf, M.C., Cronin, J.B., Pinder, S.D., Oliver, J. & Hughes, M. (2012) ‘Effect of different training methods on running sprint times in male youth’, Pediatric Exercise Science, 24(2), pp. 170–186.
  13. Malina, R.M., Bouchard, C. & Bar-Or, O. (2004) Growth, maturation, and physical activity. Human Kinetics.
  14. Viru, A., Loko, J., Harro, M., Volver, A., Laaneots, L. & Viru, M. (1999) ‘Critical periods in the development of performance capacity during childhood and adolescence’, European Journal of Physical Education, 4(1), pp. 75–119.
  15. Beunen, G. & Malina, R.M. (2008) ‘Growth and biologic maturation: relevance to athletic performance’, The Young Athlete, 1, pp. 3–17.
  16. van der Sluis, A., Elferink-Gemser, M.T., Coelho-e-Silva, M.J., Nijboer, J.A., Brink, M.S. & Visscher, C. (2014) ‘Sport injuries aligned to peak height velocity in talented pubertal soccer players’, International Journal of Sports Medicine, 35(04), pp. 351–355.
  17. Faulkner, R.A., Davison, K.S., Bailey, D.A., Mirwald, R.L. & Baxter-Jones, A.D. (2006) ‘Size‐corrected BMD decreases during peak linear growth: implications for fracture incidence during adolescence’, Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 21(12), pp. 1864–1870.
  18. Nicholson, A.D., Sanders, J.O., Liu, R.W. & Cooperman, D.R. (2015) ‘The relationship of calcaneal apophyseal ossification and Sanders hand scores to the timing of peak height velocity in adolescents’, The Bone & Joint Journal, 97(12), pp. 1710–1717.
  19. Hans, S.D., Sanders, J.O. & Cooperman, D.R. (2008) ‘Using the Sauvegrain method to predict peak height velocity in boys and girls’, Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics, 28(8), pp. 836–839.
  20. Busscher, I., Kingma, I., de Bruin, R., Wapstra, F.H., Verkerke, G.J. & Veldhuizen, A.G. (2012) ‘Predicting the peak growth velocity in the individual child: validation of a new growth model’, European Spine Journal, 21(1), pp. 71–76.
  21. Mirwald, R.L., Baxter-Jones, A.D., Bailey, D.A. & Beunen, G.P. (2002) ‘An assessment of maturity from anthropometric measurements’, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 34(4), pp. 689–694.
  22. Malina, R.M. & Kozieł, S.M. (2014) ‘Validation of maturity offset in a longitudinal sample of Polish boys’, Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(5), pp. 424–437.
  23. Malina, R.M. & Kozieł, S.M. (2014) ‘Validation of maturity offset in a longitudinal sample of Polish girls’, Journal of Sports Sciences, 32(14), pp. 1374–1382.
  24. Malina, R.M., Kozieł, S.M., Králik, M., Chrzanowska, M. & Suder, A. (2021) ‘Prediction of maturity offset and age at peak height velocity in a longitudinal series of boys and girls’, American Journal of Human Biology, 33(6), e23551.
  25. Malina, R.M., Coelho-e-Silva, M.J., Martinho, D.V., Sousa-e-Siva, P., Figueiredo, A.J., Cumming, S.P., Králík, M. & Kozieł, S.M. (2021) ‘Observed and predicted ages at peak height velocity in soccer players’, PLOS ONE, 16(7), e0254659.

Pg 8-11 Microplastics: Should we be worried?

References
  1. Scientific Advice Mechanism to the European Commission (n.d.) A scientific perspective on microplastics in nature and society. Available at: https://scientificadvice.eu/advice/a-scientific-perspective-on-microplastics-in-nature-and-society (Accessed: 29 June 2026).
  2. Koelmans, A.A. et al. (2019) ‘Microplastics in freshwaters and drinking water: Critical review and assessment of data quality’, Water Research, 155, pp. 410–422.
  3. Cox, K.D. et al. (2019) ‘Human consumption of microplastics’, Environmental Science & Technology, 53(12), pp. 7068–7074.
  4. Mahalingaiah, S. et al. (2025) ‘Microplastics and human health’, JAMA, 334(21), pp. 1941–1942.
  5. Zhao, et al. (2024) ‘The potential toxicity of microplastics on human health’, Science of the Total Environment, 912, p. 168946.
  6. Fiore, et al. (2026) ‘Microplastics and nanoplastics in the human diet’, Nature Health, 1, pp. 48–57.
  7. Marfella, R. et al. (2024) ‘Microplastics and nanoplastics in atheromas and cardiovascular events’, New England Journal of Medicine.
  8. Lang, K. et al. (2026) ‘Microplastics: Do they harm human health?’, BMJ, 392.
  9. World Health Organization (2022) Dietary and inhalation exposure to nano- and microplastic particles and potential implications for human health. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240054608 (Accessed: 29 June 2026).
  10. Food Standards Agency, Committee on Toxicity (n.d.) Sub-statement on the potential risk(s) from exposure to microplastics: Inhalation route. Available at: https://cot.food.gov.uk/Sub-statement%20on%20the%20potential%20risk%28s%29%20from%20exposure%20to%20microplastics%3A%20Inhalation%20route (Accessed: 29 June 2026).
  11. Zhang, Z. et al. (2021) ‘Microplastics in the gut: Interactions with gut microbiota and implications for host health’, Environmental Science & Technology, 55(9), pp. 5078–5091.
  12. Makki, K. et al. (2018) ‘The impact of dietary fibre on gut microbiota in host health and disease’, Cell Host & Microbe, 23(6), pp. 705–715.
  13. Wang, S. et al. (2025) ‘Association of dietary quality and dietary inflammatory potential with inflammatory markers: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2018’, Frontiers in Immunology, 16, p. 1596806.

Pg 14-17 What is core stabilisation?

References
  1. Panjabi, M.M. (1992) ‘The stabilizing system of the spine. Part I. Function, dysfunction, adaptation, and enhancement’, Journal of Spinal Disorders, 5, pp. 383–389.
  2. Panjabi, M.M. (1992) ‘The stabilizing system of the spine. Part II. Neutral zone and instability hypothesis’, Journal of Spinal Disorders, 5, pp. 390–396.
  3. Zemková, E. and Zapletalová, L. (2022) ‘The role of neuromuscular control of postural and core stability in functional movement and athlete performance’, Frontiers in Physiology, 13, p. 796097.
  4. Huxel Bliven, K.C. and Anderson, B.E. (2013) ‘Core stability training for injury prevention’, Sports Health, 5(6), pp. 514–522.
  5. Biering-Sørensen, F. (1984) ‘Physical measurements as risk indicators for low-back trouble over a one-year period’, Spine, 9, pp. 106–119.
  6. McGill, S.M., Childs, A. and Liebenson, C. (1999) ‘Endurance times for low back stabilization exercises: Clinical targets for testing and training from a normal database’, Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 80, pp. 941–944.

Pg 28-31 Female, fit and pregnant

References
  1. Faraone, J. & Weis, C.A., 2015. The Athletic Mom-to-be: Training Your Way Into Pregnancy and Motherhood. AuthorHouse, p.31, 58.
  2. Dion, B. & Dion, S., 2014. The Pregnant Athlete. Da Capo Lifelong Books, p.41.
  3. Sims, S., 2016. Roar: How to Match Your Food and Fitness to Your Unique Female Physiology for Optimum Performance, Great Health, and a Strong, Lean Body. Rodale Books, pp.63–70.
  4. Wieloch, N., Alricsson, M. & Bergström, E., 2021. Sport and exercise recommendations for pregnant athletes: a systematic scoping review. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 7, pp.1–12.
  5. Coulson, M. & Bolitho, S., 2012. Pregnancy and Fitness. Bloomsbury Sport, p.118.
  6. Theodorsen, N. et al., 2024. Pregnant women may exercise both abdominal and pelvic floor muscles without increasing diastasis recti abdominis: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy, April.

Pg 32-35 Reactive strength stiffness for performance, part one

Further reading
  1. Fletcher, I.M. and Maloney, S.J. (n.d.) ‘A coach’s guide to understanding and measuring stiffness. Part 1: Biomechanical concept’, Professional Strength & Conditioning Journal. UK Strength and Conditioning Association.
  2. Fletcher, I.M. and Maloney, S.J. (n.d.) ‘A coach’s guide to stiffness. Part 2: Recommendations for testing and training’, Professional Strength & Conditioning Journal. UK Strength and Conditioning Association.
  3. Morin, J.-B. and Samozino, P. (2016) ‘Interpreting power-force-velocity profiles for individualised and specific training’, International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance.
  4. Young, W.B., James, R. and Montgomery, I. (2002) ‘Is muscle power related to running speed with changes of direction?’, Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness.
  5. Taube, W. et al. (2012) ‘Neuromuscular adaptations to plyometric training’, Sports Medicine.
  6. Jeffreys, I. (n.d.) ‘The role of acceleration, deceleration and change of direction in athletic performance’, Professional Strength & Conditioning Journal. UK Strength and Conditioning Association.
  7. McBurnie, A.J. et al. (2022) ‘The biomechanics of acceleration and deceleration in team sports’, Sports Medicine.