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Mar – Apr 2025

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Pg 6-7 Reframing the exercise message: Consistency over intensity

References
  1. Krough Severinsen MC, Pedersen BK (2020), Muscle-organ cross talk: The emerging roles of myokines, Endocr Rev., 41(4): 594-609.
  2. Kostka M et al (2024), Muscle-brain crosstalk mediated by exercise-induced myokines – insights from experimental studies, Front Physiol., 15.
  3. Sabag A, Little JP, Johnson NA (2022), Low-volume high-intensity interval training for cardiometabolic health, J Physiol., 600: 1,013-26.
  4. Kistner, T Pedersen BK, Lieberman DE (2022), Interleukin 6 as an energy allocator in muscle tissue, Nature Metabolism, 4(2): 170-79.
  5. So B et al (2014), Exercise-induced myokines in health and metabolic diseases, Int Med., 3(4): 172-9.

    Pg 8-11 Men’s health and andropause: A comprehensive lifestyle approach

    References
    1. Singh P (2013), Andropause: Current concepts, Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 17(3).
    2. Kanakis G et al (2025), Addressing andropause: Challenges and strategies for healthy aging in men, Maturitas, 192: 108041.
    3. Werner MD (1939), The male climacteric, JAMA, 112(15): 1,441-43.
    4. Kelly et al (2013), Testosterone: A metabolic hormone in health and disease, J Endocrinol.,  217(3): 25-45.
    5. Wrzosek M et al (2020), The causes of adverse changes of testosterone levels in men, Expert Rev Endocrinol Met., 15(5): 355-362.
    6. Trexler E et al (2014), Metabolic adaptation to weight loss: Implications for the athlete, J In Soc Sports Nutr., 11(1): 7.
    7. McEwen B et al (1998), Stress, adaptation and disease. Allostatic and allostatic load, Ann N Y Acad Sci., 1,011.
    8. Ellenbogen J et al (2005), Cognitive benefits of sleep and their loss due to sleep deprivation, Neurology, 64(7).
    9. Vaamonde D et al (2012), Physically active men show better semen parameters and hormone values than sedentary men, Eur J Appl Physiol., 112(9): 3,267-73.
    10. Elagizi A et al, Testosterone and cardiovascular health, Eur Heart J., 45(2): 139-41.
    11. Healthline. What is male Menopause? Accessed here. https://www.healthline.com/health/menopause/male, last accessed 25 February 2025.
    12. Walther A et al (2020), Testosterone and DHEA treatment in ageing men: Are we all set?
    13. Zamir et al (2021), Manipulation of dietary intake on changes in circulating testosterone concentrations, Nutrients, 13(10): 3,375.
    14. Merwe J et al (2009), Three weeks of creatine monohydrate supplementation affects dihydrotestosterone to testosterone ratio in college rugby players, Clin J Sport Med., 19(5): 399-404.
    15. Lerchbaum E et al, Vitamin D and Testosterone in Healthy Men: A randomised Controlled Trial, J Clin Endocrinol Met., 102(11): 4,292-4,302.
    16. Wankhede S (2015), Examining the effect of Withania somnifera supplementation on muscle strength and recovery a randomised controlled trial, J Int Soc Sports Nutr., 25: 12.43.
    17. Steels E et al (2011), Physiological aspects of male libido enhanced by standardized Trigonella foenum – graecum extract and mineral formulation, Phytother Res., (9): 1,294-300.
    18. Mares et al (2012), The effect of ginger on semen parameters and serum FSH, LH & testosterone of infertile men, The Medical Journal of Tikrit University, 18-22.
    19. Kamenov et al (2017), Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Tribulus terrestris in male sexual dysfunction – a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, Maturitas, 99.

    Pg 14-17 Women in the world of parkour

    References
    1. Jones GM, Watt DG (1971), Observations on the control of stepping and hopping movements in man, J. Physiol.
    2. Standing R, Maulder P(2015), A comparison of the habitual landing strategies from differing drop heights of Parkour practitioners (Traceurs) and recreationally trained individuals, J Sports Sci Med., 14(4): 723-31.
    3. Jabnoun S, Borji R, Sahli S(2019), Postural control of Parkour athletes compared to recreationally active subjects under different sensory manipulations, Eur J Sport Sci., 19(4): 461-70.

    Pg 22-25 Adaptive yoga

    References
    1. Bergquist-Ullman M, Larsson U (1977), Acute low back pain in industry. A controlled prospective study with special reference to therapy and confounding factors, Acta Orthop Scand., 170: 1-117.
    2.   2.  Bevevino AD, Kang S, Pangarkar F, Sandbrink and Aberle C (2017), United States Department of Veterans Affairs, Department of Defense. Clinical Practice Guideline for Diagnosis and Treatment of Low Back Pain.
    3.   3.  Chou R, Deyo R, Friedly J et al (2016), AHRQ Comparative Effectiveness Reviews. Noninvasive Treatments for Low Back Pain. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US).
    4.   4.  Demirel A, Oz M, Ozel Y, Cetin H, Ulger O (2019), Stabilization exercise versus yoga exercise in non-specific low back pain: Pain, disability, quality of life, performance: a randomized controlled trial, Complement Ther Clin Pract., 35: 102-08. http://doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2019.02.004.
    5.   5.  Dieleman JL, Baral R, Birger M et al (2016), US spending on personal health care and public health, 1996-2013, JAMA, 316(24): 2,627-46.
    6.   6.  George SZ (2006), Fear: A factor to consider in musculoskeletal rehabilitation, J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 35(5): 264-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/ jospt.2006.0106.
    7.   7.  Kuo CS, Hu HT, Lin RM, Huang KY, Lin PC, Zhong ZC, and Hseih M (2010), Biomechanical analysis of the lumbar spine on facet joint force and intradiscal pressure: A finite element study, BMC Musculoskelet Disord., 11(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2474-11-151.
    8.   8.  Long L, Huntley S, Ernst E (2001), Which complementary and alternative therapies benefit which conditions? A survey of the opinions of 223 professional organizations, Complement Ther Med., 9(3): 178-85.
    9.   9.  Patil NJ, Nagaratna R, Tekur P, Manohar PV, Bhargav H, and Patil D (2018), A randomized trial comparing effect of yoga and exercises on quality of life in among nursing population, Int J Yoga, 11(3): 208-14.
    10. 10.  Phimphasak C, Swangnetr M, Puntumetakul R, Chatchawan U, Boucaut R (2015), Effects of seated lumbar extension postures on spinal height and lumbar range of motion during prolonged sitting, Ergonomics, 59(1): 112-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/00140139.2015.1052570.
    11. 11.  Pincus T, Burton AK, Vogel S, Field AP (2002), A systematic review of psychological factors as predictors of chronicity/disability in prospective cohorts of low back pain, Spine, 27(5): E109-20.
    12. 12.  Steenstra IA, Verbeek JH, Heymans MW, Bongers PM (2005), Prognostic factors for duration of sick leave in patients sick listed with acute low back pain: A systematic review of the literature, Occup Environ Med., 62(12): 851-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.2004.015842.
    13. 13.  Thelin A, Holmberg S, Thelin N (2008), Functioning in neck and low back pain from a 12-year perspective: A prospective population-based study, J Rehabil Med., 40(7): 555-61.

    Pg 32-35 Preventing ACL injury

    References
    1. Gopinatth V, Smith MV, Matava MJ, Brophy RH, Knapik DM (2024), Most anterior cruciate ligament injuries in professional athletes occur without contact to the injured knee: A systematic review of video analysis studies, Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery, 23.
    2. Mancino F, Kayani B, Gabr A, Fontalis A, Plastow R, Haddad FS (2024), Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female athletes: Risk factors and strategies for prevention, Bone & Joint Open., 5(2): 94.
    3. Achenbach L, Bloch H, Klein C, Damm T, Obinger M, Rudert M, Krutsch W, Szymski D (2024), Four distinct patterns of anterior cruciate ligament injury in women’s professional football (soccer): A systematic video analysis of 37 match injuries, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 58(13): 709-16.
    4. Read PJ, Oliver JL, De Ste Croix MB, Myer GD, Lloyd RS (2016), Neuromuscular risk factors for knee and ankle ligament injuries in male youth soccer players, Sports Medicine, 46: 1,059-66.
    5. Högberg J, Piussi R, Wernbom M, Della Villa F, Simonsson R, Samuelsson K, Thomeé R, Hamrin Senorski EH (2024), No association between hamstrings-to-quadriceps strength ratio and second ACL injuries after accounting for prognostic factors: A cohort study of 574 patients after ACL-reconstruction, Sports Medicine-Open, 10(1): 7.
    6. Taketomi S, Kawaguchi K, Mizutani Y, Takei S, Yamagami R, Kono K, Murakami R, Kage T, Arakawa T, Fujiwara S, Tanaka S (2024), Lower hamstring to quadriceps muscle strength ratio and lower body weight as factors associated with noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury in male American football players: A prospective cohort study, Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology, 35: 43-7.
    7. Kellis E, Sahinis C, Baltzopoulos V (2023), Is hamstrings-to-quadriceps torque ratio useful for predicting anterior cruciate ligament and hamstring injuries? A systematic and critical review, J Sport Health Sci., 12(3): 343-58.
    8. Yeung SS, Suen AM, Yeung EW (2009), A prospective cohort study of hamstring injuries in competitive sprinters: Preseason muscle imbalance as a possible risk factor, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(8): 589-94.
    9. Zvijac JE, Toriscelli TA, Merrick S, Kiebzak GM (2013), Isokinetic concentric quadriceps and hamstring strength variables from the NFL Scouting Combine are not predictive of hamstring injury in first-year professional football players, The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 41(7): 1,511-8.
    10. Padasala M, Joksimovic M, Bruno C, Melino D, Manzi V (2020), Muscle injuries in athletes. The relationship between H/Q ratio (hamstring/quadriceps ratio), Ita J Sports Reh Po., 7(1): 1,478-98.
    11. Hu C, Du Z, Tao M, Song Y (2023), Effects of different hamstring eccentric exercise programs on preventing lower extremity injuries: A systematic review and meta-analysis, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(3): 2,057.
    12. DeLang MD, Salamh PA, Farooq A, Tabben M, Whiteley R, Van Dyk N, Chamari K (2021), The dominant leg is more likely to get injured in soccer players: Systematic review and meta-analysis, Biology of Sport, 38(3): 397-435.
    13. Kaldau NC, Andersen FF, Barfod KW, Hersnaes PN, Bencke J, Hölmich P (2024), ACL injury characteristics in badminton: A registry study with prospectively collected data on sports related epidemiology and injury mechanism of 539 badminton players, Asia-Pacific Journal of Sports Medicine, Arthroscopy, Rehabilitation and Technology, 38: 22-8.
    14. Brophy R, Silvers HJ, Gonzales T, Mandelbaum BR (2010), Gender influences: The role of leg dominance in ACL injury among soccer players, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(10): 694-7.
    15. Uzun E, Misir A, Guney A (2021), Effect of leg dominance on medium-to long-term functional outcomes, quality of life, and revision rates after isolated ACL reconstruction, Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine, 9(4): 2325967121995808.
    16. Bishop C, Turner A, Read P (2018), Effects of inter-limb asymmetries on physical and sports performance: A systematic review, Journal of Sports Sciences, 36(10): 1,135-44.
    17. Jeong J, Choi DH, Shin CS (2025), The effect of strength training targeting medial thigh muscles on neuromuscular and biomechanical risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament injury: A randomized controlled trial, Sports Medicine-Open, 11(1): 5.
    18. García AC, Pagán EJ (2025), Therapeutic exercise protocol for the prevention of anterior cruciate ligament injuries in female soccer players with dynamic knee valgus (RCT), Trials, 26(1): 1-1.
    19. Takeuchi R, Iwamoto Y, Kawakami W, Takeuchi Y, Miyoshi F, Ishii Y, Takahashi M (2024), Sex differences in factors of pelvis and lower-limb joint kinematics influencing dynamic knee valgus during single-leg squat, Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 37(1): 205-11.
    20. Larwa J, Stoy C, Chafetz RS, Boniello M, Franklin C (2021), Stiff landings, core stability, and dynamic knee valgus: A systematic review on documented anterior cruciate ligament ruptures in male and female athletes, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7): 3,826.
    21. Herrington L, Munro A (2010), Drop jump landing knee valgus angle; normative data in a physically active population, Physical Therapy in Sport, 11(2): 56-9.
    22. Ramezani F, Saki F, Tahayori B (2024), Neuromuscular training improves muscle co‐activation and knee kinematics in female athletes with high risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury, European Journal of Sport Science, 24(1): 56-65.
    23. Franco D, Ambrosio L, Za P, Maltese G, Russo F, Vadalà G, Papalia R, Denaro V (2024), Effective prevention and rehabilitation strategies to mitigate non-contact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: A narrative review, Applied Sciences, 14(20): 9,330.
    24. Arede J, Fernandes J, Moran J, Leite N, Romero-Rodriguez D, Madruga-Parera M (2022), Effects of an integrative neuromuscular training protocol vs. FIFA 11+ on sprint, change of direction performance and inter-limb asymmetries in young soccer players, International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 17(1): 54-62.
    25. Roso-Moliner A, Mainer-Pardos E, Cartón-Llorente A, Nobari H, Pettersen SA, Lozano D (2023), Effects of a neuromuscular training program on physical performance and asymmetries in female soccer, Frontiers in Physiology, 14: 1171636.
    26. Koga H, Nakamae A, Shima Y, Iwasa J, Myklebust G, Engebretsen L, Bahr R, Krosshaug T (2010), Mechanisms for noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injuries: Knee joint kinematics in 10 injury situations from female team handball and basketball, The American Journal of Sports Medicine, 38(11): 2,218-25.
    27. Dargo L, Robinson KJ, Games KE (2017), Prevention of knee and anterior cruciate ligament injuries through the use of neuromuscular and proprioceptive training: An evidence-based review, Journal of Athletic Training, 52(12): 1,171-2.
    28. Weber TA, Duchene Y, Simon FR, Mornieux G, Gauchard GC (2024), Evolution of core stability, athletic performance, and ACL injury risk across a soccer season, Applied Sciences, 14(10): 4,116.
    29. Song Y, Li L, Hughes G, Dai B (2023), Trunk motion and anterior cruciate ligament injuries: A narrative review of injury videos and controlled jump-landing and cutting tasks, Sports Biomechanics, 22(1): 46-64.
    30. Sasaki S, Tsuda E, Yamamoto Y, Maeda S, Kimura Y, Fujita Y, Ishibashi Y (2019), Core-muscle training and neuromuscular control of the lower limb and trunk, Journal of Athletic Training, 54(9): 959-69.
    31. Pappas E, Shiyko MP, Ford KR, Myer GD, Hewett TE (2016), Biomechanical deficit profiles associated with ACL injury risk in female athletes, Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 48(1): 107.