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Magazine References

Jan – Feb 2025

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Pg 6-7 Reframing the exercise message // How fit do you really need to be?

References
  1. Babu AS et al (2022), Time to re-introduce ‘cardiorespiratory fitness’ as a vital sign, Post COVID era, The Lancet, 51: 101546.
  2. Ross R et al (2016), Importance of assessing cardiorespiratory fitness in clinical practice: A case for fitness as a clinical vital sign: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association, Circulation, 134(24): e653-e699.
  3. Mendez M et al (2018), Metabolic equivalent of tasks (METs) thresholds as an indicator of physical activity, PLoS One, 13(7): e0200701.
  4. Lang J et al (2024), Cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong and consistent predictor of morbidity and mortality among adults: an overview of meta-analyses representing over 20.9 million observations from 199 unique cohort studies, Br J Sports Med., 58: 556-66.
  5. Al-Mallah MH (2018), Cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease prevention: An update, Curr. Atheroscler Rep., 20(1): 1.

Pg 8-11 How to train the rotator cuff

References
  1. Goetti P, Denard PJ, Collin P, Ibrahim M, Hoffmeyer P, Lädermann A (2020), Shoulder biomechanics in normal and selected pathological conditions, EFORT Open Rev, 5(8): 508-18.
  2. Vosloo M, Keough N, De Beer MA (2017), The clinical anatomy of the insertion of the rotator cuff tendons, European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology, 27(3): 359-66.
  3. Wise MB, Uhl TL, Mattacola CG, Nitz AJ, Kibler W Ben (2004), The effect of limb support on muscle activation during shoulder exercises, J Shoulder Elbow Surg., 13(6):614-20.
  4. Akhtar A, Richards J, Monga P (2021), The biomechanics of the rotator cuff in health and disease – A narrative review, J Clin Orthop Trauma, 18:150-6.
  5. Wattanaprakornkul D, Halaki M, Boettcher C, Cathers I, Ginn KA (2011), A comprehensive analysis of muscle recruitment patterns during shoulder flexion: An electromyographic study, Clinical Anatomy, 24(5): 619-26.
  6. Reed D, Cathers I, Halaki M, Ginn KA (2016), Does load influence shoulder muscle recruitment patterns during scapular plane abduction?, J Sci Med Sport, 19(9): 755-60.
  7. Tardo DT, Halaki M, Cathers I, Ginn KA (2013), Rotator cuff muscles perform different functional roles during shoulder external rotation exercises, Clinical Anatomy, 26(2): 236-43.
  8. Reed D, Cathers I, Halaki M, Ginn KA (2018), Shoulder muscle activation patterns and levels differ between open and closed-chain abduction, J Sci Med Sport, 21(5): 462-6.
  9. Kang JI, Moon YJ, Choi H, Jeong DK, Kwon HM, Park JS (2016), The effect of exercise types for rotator cuff repair patients on activities of shoulder muscles and upper limb disability, J Phys Ther Sci., 28(10): 2,772-7.
  10. Pearson SN, Cronin JB, Hume PA, Slyfield D (2009), Kinematics and kinetics of the bench-press and bench-pull exercises in a strength-trained sporting population, Sports Biomech, 8(3): 245-54.
  11. Negrete RJ, Hanney WJ, Pabian P, Kolber MJ (2013), Upper body push and pull strength ratio in recreationally active adults, Int J Sports Phys Ther., 8(2): 138-44.
  12. Parraca JA, Adsuar JC, Domínguez-Muñoz FJ, Barrios-Fernandez S, Tomas-Carus P (2022), Test-retest reliability of isokinetic strength measurements in lower limbs in elderly, Biology (Basel), 11(6).
  13. Dvir Z (1996), An isokinetic study of combined activity of the hip and knee extensors, Clinical Biomechanics, 11(3): 135-8.
  14. Martinez-Garcia D, Rodriguez-Perea A, Barboza P, Ulloa-Díaz D, Jerez-Mayorga D, Chirosa I et al (2020), Reliability of a standing isokinetic shoulder rotators strength test using a functional electromechanical dynamometer: Effects of velocity, Peer J., 8: e9951.
  15. Hadzic V, Ursej E, Kalc M, Dervisevic E (2012), Reproducibility of shoulder short range of motion in isokinetic and isometric strength testing, J Exerc Sci Fit., 10(2): 83-9.
  16. Chamorro C, Arancibia M, Trigo B, Arias-Poblete L, Jerez-Mayorga D (2021), Absolute reliability and concurrent validity of hand-held dynamometry in shoulder rotator strength assessment: Systematic review and meta-analysis, Int J Environ Res Public Health, 18(17).
  17. Chen B, Liu L, Bin Chen L, Cao X, Han P, Wang C et al (2021), Concurrent validity and reliability of a handheld dynamometer in measuring isometric shoulder rotational strength, J Sport Rehabil., 30(6): 965-8.
  18. Hurd WJ, Morrey BF, Kaufman KR (2011), The effects of anthropometric scaling parameters on normalized muscle strength in uninjured baseball pitchers, J Sport Rehabil., 20(3): 311-20.
  19. Westrick RB, Duffey ML, Cameron KL, Gerber JP, Owens BD (2013), Isometric shoulder strength reference values for physically active collegiate males and females, Sports Health, 5(1): 17-21.
  20. Rogowski I, Degot M, Hager J, Del Moral B, Cardot N, Loursac R et al (2024), Normative values for internal and external glenohumeral rotation strength in rugby players: A systematic review with meta-analysis, Shoulder Elbow, 16(1_suppl): 3-16.
  21. Wood TM, Maddalozzo GF, Harter RA (2002), Accuracy of seven equations for predicting 1-RM performance of apparently healthy, sedentary older adults, Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci., 6(2): 67-94.
  22. Sung JH, Jung W, Wang J, Kim JH (2023), The effects of body positions and abduction         angles on shoulder muscle activity patterns during external rotation exercises, Healthcare, 11(14): 1,977.
  23. Ryan G, Johnston H, Moreside J (2018), Infraspinatus isolation during external rotation exercise at varying degrees of abduction, J Sport Rehabil., 27(4): 334-9.
  24. Hess SA, Richardson C, Darnell R, Friis P, Lisle D, Myers P (2005), Timing of rotator cuff activation during shoulder external rotation in throwers with and without symptoms of pain, Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 35(12): 812-20.
  25. Fanning E, Daniels K, Cools A, Miles JJ, Falvey É (2021), Biomechanical upper-extremity performance tests and isokinetic shoulder strength in collision and contact athletes, J Sports Sci., 39(16): 1,873-81.

Pg 12-15 Developing endurance

References
  1. Buchheit M, Laursen PB (2013), High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: Part I: Cardiopulmonary emphasis, Sports Med., 43: 313-338.
  2. Buchheit M, Laursen PB (2013), High-intensity interval training, solutions to the programming puzzle: Part II: Anaerobic energy, neuromuscular load and practical applications, Sports Med., 43: 927-954.
  3. Busso T (2003), Variable dose-response relationship between exercise training and performance, Med Sci Sports Exerc., 35: 1,188-95.
  4. Clemente-Suárez VJ, Ramos-Campo DJ (2019), Effectiveness of reverse vs traditional linear training periodization in triathlon, Int J Environ Res Public Health, 16.
  5. González-Ravé JM, González-Mohino F, Rodrigo-Carranza V, Pyne DB (2022), Reverse periodization for improving sports performance: A systematic review, Sports Medicine – Open, 8: 56.
  6. González-Ravé JM, Hermosilla F, González-Mohíno F, Casado A, Pyne DB (2021), Training intensity distribution, training volume, and periodization models in elite swimmers: A systematic review, Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 16: 913-26.
  7. Mujika I, Padilla S (2000), Detraining: Loss of training-induced physiological and performance adaptations: Part I: Short term insufficient training stimulus, Sports Med., 30: 79-87.
  8. Mujika I, Padilla S (2003), Scientific bases for precompetition tapering strategies, Med Sci Sports Exerc., 35: 1,182-87.
  9. Mujika I, Padilla S, Pyne D, Busso T (2004), Physiological changes associated with the pre-event taper in athletes, Sports Med., 34: 891-927.
  10. Pyne DB, Mujika I, Reilly T (2009), Peaking for optimal performance: Research limitations and future directions, J Sports Sci., 27: 195-202.
  11. Reuter BH, Dawes JJ (2016), Program design and technique for aerobic endurance training, in Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, Haff, GG and Triplett, NT, eds. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 559-82.
  12. Seiler S (2010), What is best practice for training intensity and duration distribution in endurance athletes? Int J Sports Physiol. Perform, 5: 276-91.
  13. Tønnessen E, Svendsen I, Rønnestad B, Hisdal J, Haugen T, Seiler S (2015), The annual training periodization of 8 world champions in orienteering, Int J Sports Physiol. Perform, 10: 29-38.
  14. Zaryski C, Smith DJ (2005), Training principles and issues for ultra-endurance athletes, Curr Sports Med Rep., 4: 165-170.



Pg 16-19 Detox diets

References
  1. Passos et al (2020), Cycles of attention to fad diets and internet search trends by google trends, Cien Claude Colet., 25(7): 2,615-31.
  2. Mahan LK, Escott-Stump S (2007), Krause’s Food & Nutrition Therapy, 12th ed., Saunders.
  3. Liska D (1998), The detoxification enzyme systems, Altern Med Rev., 3(3): 187-198.
  4. Genius S (2011), Elimination of persistent toxicants from the human body, Hum Exp Toxicol., 30(1): 3-18.
  5. Jeffer E (2007), Diet and detoxification enzymes. The Proceedings from the 13th International Symposium if the Institute for Functional Medicine, Managing Biotransformation; The Metabolic Genomic, and Detoxification Balance Points, Altern Ther Health Med., 13(2): 598-99
  6. Obert et al (2017), Popular weight loss strategies: A review of four weight loss techniques, Curr Gastroenterol Rep., 19(12): 61.
  7. Klein et al (2015), Detox diets for toxin elimination and weight management: A critical review of the evidence.
  8. Percival M (1997), Phytonutrients & detoxification, Clinical Nutrition Insights, 5(2).
  9. Esfahani et al (2018), Health effects of mixed fruit and vegetable concentrates: A systematic review of the clinical interventions, J Nutr. Biochem., 62: 76-86.
  10. Rodriguez-Morato (2015), Cranberries attenuate animal-based diet-induced changes in microbiota composition and functionality: A randomized crossover controlled feeding trial, J Hum Nutr Diet., 28(6): 675-86.
  11. (2023), Intravenous vitamin injections: Where is the evidence? Drug Ther Bul., 61(10): 151-55.
  12. Tahreem A et al (2022), Fad diets: Facts and fiction, Front Nutr., 5(9): 960922.
  13. Reinke H et al (2016), Circadian clock control of liver metabolic functions, Gastroenterology, 150(3): 574-80.
  14. Hodges R et al (2017), Modulation of metabolic detoxification pathways using foods and food derived components: A scientific review with clinical application, J Nutr Metab., 16: 760689.
  15. Zota A et al, Reducing chemical exposure at home: Opportunities for action, J Epidemiol Community Health, 71(9): 937-40.



Pg 22-25 Lessons from motor learning science

References
  1. Williams M, Hodges N, Scott M (2004), Skill Acquisition in Sport, London; New York, NY: Routledge.
  2. Fitts PM, Posner MI (1967), Human Performance, Brooks. Cole, Belmont, CA, 5: 7-16.
  3. Fernandes LA, Nogueira NG, Figueiredo LS, Ferreira BP, Couto CR, Torres NL, Ribeiro LC, Lage GM (2022), Stages of motor learning and the teaching-learning process in swimming, Research, Society and Development, 11(3): e26311326201-.
  4. Keller A (1993), Intrinsic synaptic organization of the motor cortex, Cerebral Cortex, 3(5): 430-41.
  5. Luft AR, Buitrago MM, Kaelin-Lang A, Dichgans J, Schulz JB (2004), Protein synthesis inhibition blocks consolidation of an acrobatic motor skill, Learning & Memory, 11(4): 379-82.
  6. Kleim JA, Hogg TM, VandenBerg PM, Cooper NR, Bruneau R, Remple M (2004), Cortical synaptogenesis and motor map reorganization occur during late, but not early, phase of motor skill learning, Journal of Neuroscience, 24(3): 628-33.
  7. Hosp JA, Luft AR (2011), Cortical plasticity during motor learning and recovery after ischemic stroke, Neural Plasticity, (1): 871296.
  8. Johnston MV (2009), Plasticity in the developing brain: Implications for rehabilitation, Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 15(2): 94-101.
  9. Wulf G, Shea C, Lewthwaite R (2010), Motor skill learning and performance: A review of influential factors, Medical Education, 44(1): 75-84.
  10. Wulf G, Su J (2007), An external focus of attention enhances golf shot accuracy in beginners and experts, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 78(4): 384-9.
  11. Zachry T, Wulf G, Mercer J, Bezodis N (2005), Increased movement accuracy and reduced EMG activity as the result of adopting an external focus of attention, Brain Research Bulletin, 67(4): 304-9.
  12. Neumann DL (2019), A systematic review of attentional focus strategies in weightlifting, Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 1: 7.
  13. Parrish KA, The Effects of Lifting with Intent on Hip and Knee Moments During Back Squats.
  14. Chiviacowsky S, Wulf G (2002), Self-controlled feedback: Does it enhance learning because performers get feedback when they need it?, Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 73(4): 408-15.
  15. Wulf G, Lewthwaite R (2009), Conceptions of ability affect motor learning, Journal of Motor Behavior, 41(5): 461-7.
  16. Lewthwaite R, Wulf G (2010), Social-comparative feedback affects motor skill learning, Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 63(4): 738-49.
  17. Buccino G, Binkofski F, Fink GR, Fadiga L, Fogassi L, Gallese V, Seitz RJ, Zilles K, Rizzolatti G, Freund HJ (2001), Action observation activates premotor and parietal areas in a somatotopic manner: An fMRI study, European Journal of Neuroscience, 13(2): 400-4.
  18. Shea CH, Wright DL, Wulf G, Whitacre C (2000), Physical and observational practice afford unique learning opportunities, Journal of Motor Behavior, 32(1): 27-36.
  19. Rohbanfard H, Proteau L (2011), Learning through observation: A combination of expert and novice models favors learning, Experimental Brain Research, 215: 183-97.
  20. Shebilskem WL, Regian JW, Arthur Jr W, Jordan JA (1992), A dyadic protocol for training complex skills, Human Factors, 34(3): 369-74.
  21. Daou M, Lohse KR, Miller MW (2016), Expecting to teach enhances motor learning and information processing during practice, Human Movement Science, 49: 336-45.



Pg 32-35 Can S&C programmes reduce injuries in sport?

References
  1. Calleja-González J, Mallo J, Cos F, Sampaio J, Jones MT, Marqués-Jiménez D, Lago-Peñas C (2023), A commentary of factors related to player availability and its influence on performance in elite team sports, Frontiers in Sports and Active Living, 4: 1077934.
  2. Eliakim E, Morgulev E, Lidor R, Meckel Y (2020), Estimation of injury costs: Financial damage of English Premier League teams’ underachievement due to injuries, BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 6(1): e000675.
  3. Windt J, Ekstrand J, Khan KM, McCall A, Zumbo BD (2018), Does player unavailability affect football teams’ match physical outputs? A two-season study of the UEFA champions league, Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 21(5): 525-32.
  4. Causevic D, Mustafovic E, Rani B, Klacar S, Ibrahimovic M, Panaet AE, Hodžić A (2024), Effects of 5-week detraining period on body composition of professional soccer players, Health, Sport, Rehabilitation, 10(2): 47-58.
  5. Arce-Álvarez A, Zaio Á, Salazar-Ardiles C, Álvarez C, Merino-Muñoz P, Vasquez-Muñoz M, Andrade DC (2024), Detraining’s effects on cardiorespiratory fitness and maximal and explosive strength in army soldiers: Does age matter?, Sports, 12(7): 183.
  6. Furie K, Park AL, Wong SE (2023), Mental health and involuntary retirement from sports post-musculoskeletal injury in adult athletes: A systematic review, Current Reviews in Musculoskeletal Medicine, 16(5): 211-19.
  7. Martín-Rodríguez A, Gostian-Ropotin LA, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Belando-Pedreño N, Simón JA, López-Mora C, Clemente-Suárez VJ (2024), Sporting mind: The interplay of physical activity and psychological health, Sports, 12(1): 37.
  8. Ekstrand J, Lundqvist D, Davison M, D’Hooghe M, Pensgaard AM (2019), Communication quality between the medical team and the head coach/manager is associated with injury burden and player availability in elite football clubs, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 53(5): 304-8.
  9. Williams S, Shaw JW, Emery C, Stokes KA (2024), Adding confidence to our injury burden estimates: Is bootstrapping the solution?, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 58(2): 57-8.
  10. Bache-Mathiesen LK, Andersen TE, Dalen-Lorentsen T, Tabben M, Chamari K, Clarsen B, Fagerland MW (2023), A new statistical approach to training load and injury risk: Separating the acute from the chronic load, Biology of Sport, 41(1): 119-34.
  11. Gabbett TJ (2020), Debunking the myths about training load, injury and performance: Empirical evidence, hot topics and recommendations for practitioners, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 54(1): 58-66.
  12. Johnson D, Williams S, Bekker S, Bradley B, Cumming S (2024), English academy football practitioners’ perceptions of training load, maturation and injury risk: A club case study, International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 19(1): 417-28.
  13. McClean ZJ, Pasanen K, Lun V, Charest J, Herzog W, Werthner P, Black A, Vander Vleuten R, Lacoste E, Jordan MJ (2024), A biopsychosocial model for understanding training load, fatigue, and musculoskeletal sport injury in university athletes: A scoping review, The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 38(6): 1,177-88.
  14. Rodrigues F, Monteiro D, Ferraz R, Branquinho L, Forte P (2023), The association between training frequency, symptoms of overtraining and injuries in young men soccer players, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(8): 5,466.
  15. Piłka T, Grzelak B, Sadurska A, Górecki T, Dyczkowski K (2023), Predicting injuries in football based on data collected from GPS-based wearable sensors, Sensors, 23(3): 1,227.
  16. Ekstrand J, Spreco A, Bengtsson H, Bahr R (2021), Injury rates decreased in men’s professional football: An 18-year prospective cohort study of almost 12 000 injuries sustained during 1.8 million hours of play, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(19): 1,084-92.
  17. Sayyadi P, Minoonejad H, Seidi F, Shikhhoseini R, Arghadeh R (2024), The effectiveness of fatigue on repositioning sense of lower extremities: Systematic review and meta-analysis, BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 16(1): 35.
  18. Kalantarian M, Samadi S, Beyranvand R (2024), Effect of functional fatigue on performance and landing mechanics of adolescent taekwondo players, Sport Sciences and Health Research, 16(1).
  19. Wirdnam M, Ferrar K, Mayes S, MacMahon C, Cook J, Rio E (2024), “A sprained ankle is the biggest sign of mental fatigue”: A qualitative study of the perceptions and experiences of mental fatigue in professional ballet, Physical Therapy in Sport, 65: 154-61.
  20. Davidow D, Smith M, Ross T, James GL, Paul L, Lambert M, Jones B, Hendricks S (2023), Mental fatigue impairs tackling technique in amateur rugby union players, International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 18(9): 960-7.
  21. Vermeulen S, De Bleecker C, De Blaiser C, Kilinç ÖO, Willems T, Vanrenterghem J, Roosen P, De Ridder R (2023), The effect of fatigue on trunk and pelvic jump-landing biomechanics in view of lower extremity loading: A systematic review, Journal of Human Kinetics, 86: 73.
  22. Silva H, Nakamura FY, Castellano J, Marcelino R (2023), Training load within a soccer microcycle week – A systematic review, Strength & Conditioning Journal, 45(5): 568-77.
  23. Impellizzeri FM, Shrier I, McLaren SJ, Coutts AJ, McCall A, Slattery K, Jeffries AC, Kalkhoven JT (2023), Understanding training load as exposure and dose, Sports Medicine, 53(9): 1,667-79.
  24. Fridén C, Ekenros L, von Rosen P (2023), Previous injury, sex and well-being are associated with injury profiles in 422 adolescent elite athletes of age 15–16 years: A 20-week longitudinal study, BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 9(1): e001485.
  25. Ekenros L, Fridén C, von Rosen P (2023), Previous injury and lower well-being increase injury risk in female adolescent athletes, International Journal of Sports Medicine, 44(12): 919-24.
  26. Lathlean TJ, Newstead SV, Gastin PB (2023), Elite junior Australian football players with impaired wellness are at increased injury risk at high loads, Sports Health, 15(2): 218-26.
  27. Rogers DL, Tanaka MJ, Cosgarea AJ, Ginsburg RD, Dreher GM (2024), How mental health affects injury risk and outcomes in athletes, Sports Health, 16(2): 222-29.
  28. von Rosen P, Heijne A (2021), Subjective well-being is associated with injury risk in adolescent elite athletes, Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 37(6): 748-54.
  29. Neupert E, Gupta L, Holder T, Jobson SA (2022), Athlete monitoring practices in elite sport in the United Kingdom, Journal of Sports Sciences, 40(13): 1,450-7.
  30. Bahr R, Thorborg K, Ekstrand J (2015), Evidence-based hamstring injury prevention is not adopted by the majority of Champions League or Norwegian Premier League football teams: the Nordic Hamstring survey, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 49(22): 1,466-71.
  31. Chesterton P, Tears C, Wright M, Portas M (2021), Hamstring injury prevention practices and compliance of the Nordic hamstring program in English professional football, Translational Sports Medicine, 4(2): 214-22.
  32. Salci Y, Yildirim A, Celik O, Ak E, Kocak S, Korkusuz F (2013), The effects of eccentric hamstring training on lower extremity strength and landing kinetics in recreational female athletes, Isokinetics and Exercise Science, 21(1): 11-8.
  33. Parsons JL, Coen SE, Bekker S (2021), Anterior cruciate ligament injury: Towards a gendered environmental approach, British Journal of Sports Medicine, 55(17): 984-90.